Scotia Major and Scotia Minor notes

These are working NOTES— I need to revise. In other words, I never wrote the article.

Ireland was called Scotia Major, and Scotland was refwrred to Scotia Minor in Roman times (ca. 4th c., or earlier), During the 12th to the 16th cs., they were called Scotia Vetus and Scotia Novia. Up until the sixteenth century, Latin writers referred to Ireland as Scotia.

Isidore of Seville in 580 CE wrote "Scotia and Hibernia are the same country" (Isidore, lib. xii. c. 6)

"The Anglo-Saxons called Ireland Scuit-land, or the land of Scots." —Michael Cleary

"…for it was agreed that it should be call'd only Scotia Minor, but Scotia Major was to be the Name of Ireland, and the occasion of this name was in honor and in name of Lady Scota...Queen to the famous Gollamh, otherwise called Milesius, King of Spain, from this monarch the Dalriada defended, and therefore they made the choice that the island should be called by the name of Scotia Major." — Geoffrey Keating, 1644, P 298, General History of Ireland

"Scotia was originally a Roman name for Ireland, inhabited by the people they ... It is not believed that any Gaelic groups called themselves Scoti in ancient times,"

In "the eleventh century, the name Scotia was applied to Caledonia."

Pope Leo X (1475-1521) who was linguistically clueless, knowing nothing about etemology, "granted Scotland exclusive right over the word, and this led to [wholesale] Anglo-Scottish takeovers of continental Gaelic monasteries (e.g. the Schottenklöster)." Grrrr.

The poet (H)Egesippus called Ireland "Scotia which links itself to no land, trembles at their name" — the term Scotia is, by Continental writers, applied to Ireland more often than any other name. And Scot is the term by these writers most constantly applied to a native of Eirinn. Orosius, the third century geographer, uses "Hibernia the nation of the Scoti". An Irish exile on the continent, the celebrated Marianus Scotus referred to his countrymen as Scots." http://homepage.eircom.net/~kthomas/history/Histroy6.htm

"In Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn Ireland's "ninth appellation it received likewise from the sons of Milesius, who named it Scotia, from their mother's name, Scota, who was the daughter of Pharaoh Nectanebo I, king of Egypt; or perhaps from themselves, they being originally of the Scythian race." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotia 

This bit about Scota daughter of pharaoh may seem far-fetched, but don’t forget the Ptolemys were in power, so it’s not as big of a stretch as you might think, and Celtic mercenaries were hired by the Egyptian kingdom, but the notion arose as a result of a mangled translation lifted from the 11th c. Leabhar Gabhála Éireann, the Book of Takings/Conquests.

"Scotia or the land of the Scots is a term used by various Roman and other Latin writers, who referred to Irish raiders as Scoti. Some of the earliest mentions are in the 5th century, St. Patrick calls the Irish "Scoti", and in the 6th century, St. Isidore bishop of Seville and Gildas the British historian both refer to Ireland as Scotia. It was a term that exclusively referred to Ireland up until the eleventh century when modern Scotland was first referred to as Scotia. But even up until the sixteenth century, many Latin writers continued to refer to Ireland as Scotia. From the twelfth to the sixteenth century, various scholars used to distinguish between Ireland and Scotland by using Scotia Vetus or Scotia Major meaning Old Scotia or the Greater Scotia for Ireland, and Scotia Minor or Lesser Scotia for Scotland."

"Hibernia is first used to refer to Ireland by Julius Caesar in his account of Britain, and became a common term used by the Romans. They also used a number of other terms, namely Juverna, Juvernia, Ouvernia, Ibernia, Ierna, Vernia. Ptolemy also refers to it as Iouernia or Ivernia."

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_the_Irish_state

"Scotia was originally a Roman name for Ireland, inhabited by the people they called Scoti or Scotii. Use of the name shifted in the Middle Ages to designate the part of the island of Great Britain lying north of the Firth of Forth, the Kingdom of Alba. By the later Middle Ages it had become the fixed Latin term for what in English is called Scotland."

"The name of Scotland is derived from the Latin Scoti, the term applied to Gaels.The origin of the word Scoti (or Scotti) is uncertain. It is found in Latin texts from the 4th century describing a tribe which sailed from Ireland to raid Roman Britain. Old Irish documents use the term Scot (plural Scuit), " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotia

Probably because of that Irish pirate, Niall of the Nine Hostages. He got around. And apparently he couldn’t keep it in his pants. I mean kilt, either.

"The name Hibernia was taken from Greek geographical accounts. During his exploration of northwest Europe (c. 320 BC), Pytheas of Massilia called the island Iérnē (written Ἰέρνη). In his book Geographia (c. 150 AD), Claudius Ptolemaeus ("Ptolemy") called the island Iouerníā (written Ἰουερνία, where "ου"-ou stands for w). The Roman historian Tacitus, in his book Agricola (c. 98 AD), uses the name Hibernia.

A hysterically funny read on all the names "And That’s How I Spell "Ireland"  is a must read by Patricia Doherty.  

http://www.karlsenfineart.com/article-Ireland-name.htm

The Romans also sometimes used Scotia, "land of the Scoti", as a geographical term for Ireland in general, as well as just the part inhabited by those people." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibernia

Brian Boru (c. 941–1014) was called in Latin: "Imperator Scottorum",

There were many Celtic tribes in the British Isles, a list of some Celtic tribes in Ireland, from Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography—tribal names that became place names.

"Celtic tribes in Ptolemy's Ireland, late Iron Age 100 A.D : Ériu (in modern Irish, Éire) .

Mhuir [muir/mor] ~ Celtic for Sea.

Attacotti (No, not like manacotti. Like Scoti? of Ireland and later Scotland? )

Autini (this one was harder to track down, but I found this: Αὐτεινοι from Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography, atribe of Auteini, in County Galway, referred to in Old Irish as the Uaithni (Owney as in Owney nGat).)

https://steemit.com › ireland › a-teinoi

Brigantes (an important tribe in most of Northern England) and in the south-east corner of Ireland)

Cauci (The Καῦκοι were a tribe mentioned in Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography, living in what is now County Dublin and County Wicklow.)

Coriondi (Κοριονδοί, ibid, Ptolemy, South Leinster).

Cruithni (The Cruthin (Old Irish; Middle Irish: Cruithnig or Cruithni; Modern Irish: Cruithne, were a people of early medieval Ireland, from present-day counties of Ulster, Antrim, Down and Londonderry. Also refers to Picts who came down the Hebrides from the Orkney Islands?

Darini (Δαρῖνοι, ibid, Ptolemy, mod. Day counties Antrim, Down northern Ireland) 

Dumnonii or Damnonii, Domnainn (prsent day Devon, Cornwall, Somerset, Strathclyde, and Connacht)

www.euratlas.net/history/europe/500/entity_1396.html

Eblani ( Ἐβλάνοι) or Eblanii/ Ἐβλάνιοι, Ebdani [ Ἐβδανοί]; Blani [Βλάνοι]; Blanii [Βλάνιοι], ibid Ptolemy, north of Dublin.)

Gangani (Γαγγανοι, ibid Ptolemy, SW Ireland, River Shannon.)

Herpeditani (Herpeditani. ibid Ptolemy. Possibly related to Iverni. See list.)

Iverni (County Cork) - Hibernia, the Latin name for Ireland, is believed to derive from this tribe ibid Ptolemy,  [cf Helveti tribe from Helvetia, the Latin name for Suisse.]

Magnate

Manapii (south of present-day Dublin , Arklow , SEE BELOW ) - their name is the source of Fermanagh and is cognate with the Menapia (or Manapia), ancient name of Wexford or, according to others, Wicklow)

Robogdii (Ῥοβογδιοι ro + bogdii, ibid, Ptolemy).

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Uluti (Volunti, Voluntii) (north-east of Ireland and Lancashire - they gave their name to Ulster

Velabri (Vellabori see)

Vennicnii (Οὐεννικνιοι Ulster, Leinster, Connaught, Donegal ibid, Ptolemy)

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Vodie ?

Mozt of Ptolemy’s Irish place names and tribes is from http://www.flickr.com/photos/celtico/2924323142