Showing posts with label Coast Miwok. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Coast Miwok. Show all posts

Friday, December 15, 2023

Remembering Mary Smith Taylor, & a backstory of The Birds, & Warm Springs Dam

As I was moving boxes of old papers, I stumbled upon some writing fragments in a copybook dating back to a time before I became a writer. As I added the nascent scraps, written in a naive, childish hand (though I was 22), to my blog, and as I transcribed my notes, I also uncovered writing fragments with little pockets of memory attached. 

As I followed a wild hunch, I discovered that I was indirectly related by marriage to my Native American studies teacher, Mary Taylor, who was Coast Miwok. Then, I discovered a link that also led to the Warm Springs dam project (1974-1984), thanks to the internet. The aha! I always wondered how I became involved with the rescuing of native Pomo basket sedges.

Mary Taylor was a Bodega Bay Smith of Captain Stephen Smith infamy—who at 57, married a 16-year old Peruvian, Manuela Torres, in order to claim the Rancho Bodega land grant, but Smith also had a Coast Miwok "wife," Tsupu. The story goes, there were others.

Their son, Bill Smith had 12 children with Rosalie Charles after his first Miwok wife, Walla Walla, died. The Smith clan was a massive clan, with whom I would later be related to by marriage, when Bill Smith's youngest son, Young Eagle Smith, married my widowed aunt, Mary Azalie Howard Reilly (her husband Myles was my uncle) at St. Eugene's Church in Santa Rosa. 

I remember talking to Mary Taylor at the wedding reception in Santa Rosa. And I was puzzled as to why she was at our family wedding. Thanks to the internet which most definitely wasn't around in 1975, I was able to place her as Young's older sister. Wow! So my wild hunch wasn’t off.

Thursday, June 26, 2014

Toponyms: I say naCASHyo, You say nickCASSSeoh

Riggy Rackin to Maureen Hurley (Facebook thread) OK, get ready to grate your guts, and want to hurl me out the window, Ms Hurley.... I just attended this talk, and heard our local, long-standing expert call the town we know you know "Nick-CASS-e-oh". When the question and answer segment opened I called her on it, told her you & Rocky Shone say it's not Spanish and but a Miwok word, pronounced Nuh CASH oh. Her 80 year old eyes glimmered and said you guys are WRONG, and it is in fact a Spanish derived name based on St Ignatius. Whatchu think of THAT ??
see
Maureen Hurley LOL. Did Betty Goerke grow up in NiCASHio? No? It was a Miwok chief's LATIN name. I never said it was a Miwok word. Ignacius is the Latin name, not Spanish. 

 How do you say St. Ignacius? With a Sh sound? IgNAYshius? Yes? Or was it a slithery snake sound?I Ig-NASS-us. Ditto that with Nicashio. The name is from Nicasius, BTW, not Ignacius. 

According to Ken Bullock's grandfather, it was also pronounced Nicashia, BTW. Still the SH sound. Lest ye forget, my LOCAL West Marin family data base goes back a hundred years...and those of us who actually grew up there, learned to say it from our parents and grandparents and our neighbors— and they ALL said NiCASHio. Are you calling five+ generations of several families wrong? So there! (raspberry sound).

I remember Betty Goerke, BTW...if she was a good anthropologist worth her salt, then she would know that there is an alternative, but persistent long-lived pronunciation of Nicasio. Oh, but wait, she's an archaeologist—and you know the saying, pots don't speak. She's far afield when it comes to linguistics and toponyms. Why not ask a LOCAL how to pronounce it? 

Earth to Riggy: a profound fact: Just because it's in a book doesn't mean it's correct. Betty Goerke, came to Marin in what, 1984? I wasn't at all impressed with her way back then. She is guilty of slovenly scholarship, if you can call it that.

My family has 75 years residency on Betty Goerke. Two of my aunts married Nicasio boys. Guess how they pronounced Nicasio? Guess. 

Ultimately it doesn't matter what the root origin of the word is, what I said is that we locals have always called it Nicashio. Stet. Please DO note that Batty has the wrong saint's name for the toponym. Just sayin'. (Stet to the typo on her name too.)

My original documentation source on the Miwok of Nicasio was from IJ columnist A. Bray Dickinson, postmaster of Tomales. Historian and author of Tomales Township— a History, Francis Drake's Landing Place in California, and Narrow Gauge to the Redwoods. 

Understand that  there was almost NO information on Coast Miwok peoples at the College of Marin, or the UC Berleley libraries, in 1969—other than Kroeber's tomes. So most Coast Miwok info is reconstructed—it's all post-colonial, as it were. 

Vinson Brown wrote a book on Pomo Indians of California and Their Neighbors (1969), someone else adapted it for Coast Miwok, even borrowing the writing. And so it goes: after the fact. 

Albert Elsasser was my CA Native American go-to guy. FWIW, I've been to the Museum of Ethnography in Leningrad, seen Pomo and Miwok artifacts stored in their basement. Personal tour. I'll tell you about it sometime.)

"The name Nicasio is believed to come from a local etcha-tamal Indian shepherd named after St. Nicasius"


Oh, Riggy! I found this: I rest my case. Terminus ante quem!
Nicasio, nî-kash'-ó:
"Nicasio was probably an Indian who had received the name of one of several saints (Saint Nicasius) at his baptism. (ca 1835)/"

Tuesday, July 13, 1982

SEASONALLY, LIKE A FLOWER

SEASONALLY, LIKE A FLOWER

I entered the church late and slip into the last pew.
At the altar, my uncle's widow remarries.
During the nuptual mass,
The priest raises his hands high holding the Host.

I glance up, after years of superstition
The nuns said, "Don't look at the body of Christ, 
or you'll go blind." Bells ring. Mea culpa.
I place my clenched fist over my heart
and close my eyes for old time's sake.

Mary Azalie marries again after 25 years of widowhood.
Her husband died so young of cancer.
My uncle's jaundiced skin
was yellowed like the pages of a book 
left too long in the sun.
I was four. I remember the way light 
filtered through the windows
of the hospital ward,
illuminating the sheets a radiant white against the skin.
The white tile floor, in chicken-wire patterns,
was stained with rust like his skin.
"It was the liver." they said. Melanoma.

When my uncle Myles died, he left behind a widow
and three sons — one in utero.
And my grandmother lost another son
so soon after her husband. 
She never got over Feilim’s death, at 17, 
a ruptured appendix.

Mary Azalie’s three sons consoled the mother. 
And then there were only two sons.
One lay dead across a parked car,
The Harley's stuck throttle roared like an enraged bull
in the neon-dawn.
When the news came, they couldn't waken me.
I wanted to sleep dreamlessly, without effort.
My dreams of violence.
Is the dreaming
waking?

Bikers from all over came to see my cousin off,
with their chrome and steel gods
roaring through the streets of Santa Rosa.
The last time I was in this church,
the pallbearers wore armbands of green, gold, and white,
and an Irish flag was draped over the coffin.
Another son dead.
And the mothers of Ireland keening. Mea culpa.
And the priest says to the married couple,
"Let us pray for those souls so long departed 
in the hopes that they will rise again." 
Pray for those who hope to rise again?
Hope? The charade of Mass —
And the priest gives the body of Christ to the living.
Should we go forward willingly into death
in the hopes that we too will rise again? 
We chant, "I am not worthy to receive you. 
Say but the word, and I shall be healed." 
And we shake each other's hands.

I kneel.
Dressed in virginal white.
After ten years of trying to cast off the faith
I'm beating my heart
and chanting mea culpa as the bells ring 
and the Heavenly Host is risen.
If I look, I'll go blind.
Body of Christ. Body of
Christ.

"...and a half a loaf of bread," the priest concludes. 
"I now pronounce you Man and wife." 
Christ said, "this bread is my body." 
Marriage, the sharing if the bread, the body. 
The priest says, "You may now kiss the bride." 
The congregation applauds.

Do we choose who we love
Or are we chosen by love?
The golden age of lovers is in the past.
And I wait for yet another man who can't say the words
as if love were death's handmaiden.
There is nothing to do but wait
with my fate sealed shut in the coffin.
And time marching through the unopened womb.

As the newlyweds leave the church,
I am sobbing.
Not for the wedding,
Not for love, or my lack of faith,
But for the sons.
The sons and lovers we all try to bury.
It's not the death we mourn for,
But the grief which starts anew each time,
and blooms seasonally like a flower.

I gather my bouquet and leave the church.
Beside me, my grandmother says,
"Its OK for me to grow old,
But I can't bear to see my children so old.
All those children with those bent grey heads,
they all belong to me."

7/13/1982

Thursday, September 4, 1975

Poem fragments found in my Native American Studies journal with Mary Taylor, 1975, SSU


SONG OF A MAN WAITING TO BE HUNG

The thunder will take me home
whenever I mind to go home. 
My friend.
And the wind—
it will take me home too.

I am walking 
toward calm and shady places. 
I am walking 
on the earth.

The sound is fading away.
It is a five sounds.
    Freedom. 
The sound is fading away.
It is of five sounds. 

9/4/1975


My feathers 
sailing 
on the breeze. 

9/7/1975


CALIFORNIA SEED BEARER

My dandelion seeds
drift 
on the breeze.

9/7/1975


OBIJWAY CURSE

The first to come 
epithet among the birds 
bringing the rain.
Crow is my name.

9/1975


BAY  LAUREL

Pungent scent to come 
sweeping through the trees 
brought the breeze.
Bay laurel is my name. 

9/1975


THE FIRST TO COME

Sunlight     is my name.

9/1975


CHIPPEWA DREAM SONG

In the sky 
I am walking
A bird I accompany.

In the spring 
I am a flower, 
a bee I accompany.

9/1975


PERSONAL SONG

Very much 
also, 
I, of the owl,
I am afraid
whenever I am sitting alone 
in the wigwam. 

The wind 
only 
I am afraid. 

10/2/1975


FAREWELL TO THE WARRIORS

Come, 
it is time for you to depart. 
We are going on a long journey.

10/2/1975


NIGHT SONG

In the dusk
I am floating 
a bat 
I accompany.

In the dark 
I am afraid 
an owl 
I accompany

In the night 
I am invisible 
a spirit 
I accompany.

Daybreak 
I am a sparrow 
dawn's light 
I cleave with my wings.

10/1975


SEDNA
(whose fingers became seals, whales & otters)

In the sea 
I am in otter,         a seal
Sedna I accompany.

Across the fields           in the dark,
fleeting                          I am dying, 
the great wapiti             a raven 
I ride.                            I accompany.

In the hills 
I ride a dark horse 
the wind 
I follow.

10/1975


Mary asked: How old are you? Talk about your old life. I wrote:

I have passed through many days and traveled the long way, the shadows have fallen all about me and I can see but dimly. But my mind is clear, and my memory has not failed me. I cannot count the years I have lived. All that I know about my age is that I was old enough to draw the bow and kill squirrels at the time of the second migration of the Creek, and the Cherokee people from the old country under the leadership of Chief Cooweescowee. I was born near Eufala, Alabama, on the Chattahoochee River, and then left there when I was about 15 years of age. The trip took about a year for the peaches were green when we left Alabama. And the wild onions were plentiful when we arrived.    —From Trail of Tears

10/1975. (I don't know if this is my work or a paraphrase).


GUARDIAN SPIRIT SONG 
(from the Nez Perce)

Ravening coyote comes, 
    red hands, 
    red mouth, 
necklace of eyes.

10/1975


Kroeber Hall, Berkeley 1 PM. Not six feet away from me sits a bluejay, all puffed up, making soft chirping noises. Right below him, a towhee is pecking seeds and grain on the ground. Neither wants to fly. The palm trees are swaying, and great gusts of wind shake the bushes. A drop of rain upon my face. The towhee spreads and fans his tail feathers and the bluejay puffs his downy vest. They are waiting for the storm to pass. Two red squirrels seek shelter. The bluejay also rearranges his feathers. They know I am watching them but they are unwilling to leave their bush. The air is heavy, the barometer is dropping. The birds find it difficult to fly. Bluejay is nervous and he keeps making soft chirping sounds to himself. For once, the policeman of the woods is quiet. Someone walked right by him and he didn't even utter a sound.


First winter rain storm comes, 
    gray sky, 
    gray wind, 
clouds made of mist,
raindrops made of tears. 

Noisy bluejay sits huddled,
    blue feathers puffed up
    black beak silent calm
Quiet now, the storm approaches,
comes down in torrents. 

The winds howl and whistle through the trees,
broken branches on the country lane
strewn with autumn leaves.

10/9/1975


Black bear, 
    you lied!

(in the death song of the Sioux, the bear is supposed to help in death.)

10/1975


A wolf, 
I considered myself,
 but the owls are singing 
and the night I fear.

10/16/1975


You are walking around 
trying to remember 
what you promised us
but now you can't remember.

Oyez. Now I remember 
there was light to fill the nightmare, 
to protect you from the the dark. 
But the moon was kidnapped 
by the bog creatures. 

And now I can't remember 
what they did with the moon 
when they stole it from the sky. 

So I am walking around 
trying to remember.

Protect from my uneasy feelings, 
    Life
help me to overcome my sorrow, 
                my death.

Fear, strength
help me to overcome my anxiety, 
to vanquish the enemy, fear 
Love, give me the strength 
to overpower it 
and returned to you safe again.

Death you are black 
and you overlook no one.

I dreamt you had returned 
to find me here alone 
waiting for you.

10/16/1975


A red maple leaf I am 
but the frosts came early
that chill in the air 
slows my sap 
and the winds rage and howl, 
my stems weaken 
my companions, 
torn free from their maker.
 I feel the windbag at me 
and my grip weakened, 
marks the deep dread 
the full fury of winter ahead.

10/16/1975


Have you ever ridden
upon the wings 
of morning? 

10/1975


Sand, an eternity of waves 
crashing, constantly on the shore 
nibbling away continents. 
A ceaseless hunger,
grain by grain.

10/1975


Mary asked how old are you, write an autobiography. 

When I was young the days were incredibly long, weeks, I knew not of, nor the months. Not even the years. I remember sitting up on my grandfather's knee and blowing out matches for him. In my fourth year, he said he was going to heaven and I never saw him again. My grandmother and I moved to the country where I ran free. 

I was sent to  kindergarten but I didn't like it, so I dropped out of school at the age of 4 1/2. I thought the world was flat and I was afraid to wander too far from home. I remember feeling the summer heat up on my body and life is good. But then I had to go to school and I spent 12 years not learning much of anything. What I did outside of school was infinitely more interesting than school. 

I used to hike the hills and spend hours riding horseback in quiet solitude. Been extremely shy I related more to nature—which did not condemn or reject the person. It took me many years to overcome that shyness and all those communal moments I shared with nature are infinite treasures which will never depart for me. 

Now and then, when life becomes too stressful, getting away from it all and re-experiencing that solitude of peace, nature can bring, clears my head and once again I can cope with the world.

10/1975
Mary said our mimeographed chapbooks, due Dec 11, needed to include an introduction, preface, a creation myth, a legend, a special occasion, a love song, a death song, a dream song, a joy song, autobiography, miscellaneous visions, and a song of hope. My journal was filled with photo drawings which I redid for the book. Wish I had a copy.
GRANDMOTHER

Two days on the road, I knew she wouldn't be there at the door to greet us. I was not surprised to hear that on the day, that exact hour we left home, she had suffered a pain in her chest that evening and the pain shot down her arm. Her heart was weakened. Small and frail in the big white hospital bed, she waved to us through the observation window. I am not allowed to see her. Her grandson visits a few moments with her alone. The doctors say that she will be fine, and out the hospital in three weeks but we both fear that this is the last homage we will pay to her—for we fear her time is come.

It was a last homage to the grandmother. We both knew we had to visit the grandmother soon. The family said she was well and fine. Yet we felt the tug of premonition and up death to come. Her time on earth was trying to close. I draw a black stallion, with white wings, turning into a man.

10/1975

CHEROKEE WAR SONGS

The song of the butterfly 
in the coming heat 
of the day 

Arrow song, 
scarlet 
is its head.

I stood there 
on the banks of the stream.
Across the river they speak of me 
as a being.

Some of the buffalo 
Strike ye
our land 
with your curved horns.

The song of the night owl
Morning has broken, 
wait, not fearing the light of the sun, 
dawn's light.

The history of the world is written in blood. 
We are all from the same tribe of man.

11/1975

SONG OF THE HORSE

Lash out in the air 
with flinty hooves, 
hammer out sparks 
of red in the dusk. 
Do not fear the wolves 
my brave young colt. 
Fight him with your hooves 
and he will flee.

11/1975

ETERNITY OF SAND

The waves are breaking constantly at your sure, 
nibbling ceaselessly away at your continents, 
grain by tiny grain, moving the sand.

11/1975

Have you ever ridden upon the wings of morning? 
Have you ever felt the kiss from the first rays of the sun? 
Or have you ever walked your lovely white feet 
over the grass covered with morning dew? 
Come with me and share the birth of morning.

11/1975

Oh peregrine falcon, swiftest of birds, 
most beautiful in flight, your numbers have dwindled, 
your old haunts have all but disappeared. 
Poetry in flight. But Man has finally clicked your wings 
like he has before to countless other species. 
How will our future children know you 
when you were gone?

11/1975

The grass game. 
He ho, thigh bone. 
Knuckle bone.
Hey no nana 
Na na na no.

11/1975

I love you, my little one 
with rosy cheeks 
and long black hair. 
Oh, little one I love you. 
Return to me safe 
so that I may hold you 
in my arms once again.

11/1975

LULLABYE

It's 2:30 AM, I can't sleep. 
Lullaby, lullaby send me a dream. 
Lullaby disconnect my mind. 
Lullaby it's 2:30 AM, I can't sleep.
Lullaby, lullaby me to sleep.

11/1975

HARVEST

Send me your dreams 
and I'll reap you a song.

11/1975

My spirit dwells within me. 
My spirit is the well, 
black and white,
it wells up within me.

11/1975

MISS HOPI

Miss Hopi, Miss Indian America, 
in Scottsdale Arizona. Horse shows 
Lucille Mano, that's no way 
to be judged of your worth 
like an Arabian showhorse 
by biased cowboys and judges 
in dusty grandstands.
They're not the ones who care 
who is really beautiful.

12/2/1975

These fragments date back to a time from before I was a writer. I only cleaned up the exceptionally awkward gleanings when grammar was at war in a collision course with itself. These poems are resurrected from my class notes, they are not the final poems typed up in a chapbook, of which I have no copy. 

The poems were modeled after North American Native writers we were reading (so I don't know how much is copycat work), in a Native American creative writing class I took at Sonoma State, with Mary Taylor, who was Coast Miwok. 


I think Mary was a Bodega Bay Smith of the Captain Stephen Smith infamy—who at 57, married a 16-year old Peruvian, Manuela Torres in order to obtain the Rancho Bodega land grant, but Smith also had a Coast Miwok "wife," Tsupu.

Their son, Bill Smith, had 12 children with Rosalie Charles after his first Miwok wife Walla Walla died. The Smith clan was a massive mob whom I would later be related to by marriage, when Bill Smith's son, Young Eagle Smith, married my Aunt Mary Azalie Howard Reilly (her dead husband Myles was my uncle) at St. Eugene's Church. 

I remember talking to Mary, who must have been Young's sister, at the wedding reception in Santa Rosa. There was quite a local Pomo and Coast Miwok line up on the left side of the church. Not only were all of Bill Smith's surviving children and families in attendance, but also famous Kashaya Pomo shamam-healer and basketmaker Essie Parrish, and Lake County Long Valley Cache Creek  Pomo and Patwin basketmaker, Mabel McKay. That relationship ended when Young, an inveterate gambler, gambled away the title to Mary Azalie's home in Santa Rosa.

I first met Essie and Mabel (through MaryTaylor) during the Dry Creek dam protest demonstrations, where we moved hundreds of rare sedge plants from an ancestral Pomo village site to safety as the massive bulldozers constructed the Warm Springs dam for what was to become Lake Sonoma.
The construction of this lake destroyed 122 areas associated with the history of human use. This included ten house-pits, five hunting blinds, two chert quarries, and eleven locations with petroglyphs. In addition, there were eight known gathering spaces where, for more than a hundred years, special plants were collected by Pomo people for traditional use.[4] Some Pomo people resisted the creation of the lake, assisting Archaeologists at Sonoma State University in writing about the prehistory and history of Warm Springs Dam, Lake Sonoma, and the Dry Creek Valley. —Wiki
Mary and her ex-husband Tom Taylor bought the derelict Potter Schoolhouse in Bodega in 1966 for $10,500. Alfred Hitchcock rented it for The Birds in 1961. The place sat empty until 1966 when Mary and Tom rescued the haunted schoolhouse from demolition, after extensive renovation, they moved in and turned one classroom into the Bodega Bay Art Gallery (Rancho Bodega Historical Society.) 

I must've visited Mary there. We were invited to a Bodega Bay watercolor exhibit at the gallery on 12/5. I remember that the dive Casino Bar & Grill next door had the best burgers in West County. 

I had to turn in a manuscript for our final project—which I never got back. I have notes for the chapbook to include a preface and introduction addressing cultural and environmental themes and historic background. Write an intro to your creation myth for Thursday. Write poems a theater, as marriage, of love, TVs, of death. Don't look back. Poetry is prayer, she said.

I probably recycled some of the writing in David Bromige's poetry workshop in 1978. These little fragments are all that survive. And of course, this patchwork memory. —MH 12/14/2023